$ 113-117. The Passive Voice is used when the speaker wants to say something about the object (not about the subject of the action). In this case the subject of the action is mostly not mentioned at all; otherwise it is expressed by a noun or pronoun with the preposition by or with.
A verb which may have a direct object is a transitive verb. A verb which is not used with a direct object is intransitive. In Russian only transitive verbs are used.in the Passive Voice — the subject of a passive construction corresponds to the direct object of the active construction.
In English not only transitive but many intransitive verbs are used in the Passive Voice. The subject of a passive construction *in English may correspond not only to a direct object of the active construction but also to an indirect or prepositional object.
The passive verb-forms are translated into Russian:
a) by verbs with the particle -ся ( сь);
b) by combinations of the verb быть with a sbort form of the Past Participle Passive (краткое причастие стра дательного залога);
c) by verbs in the Active Voice in indefinite-personal sentences;
d) if the subject of the action of a passive construction is indicated» the English Passive Voice may be rendered in Russian by the verb in the Active Voice in a definite- personal sentence.
НАКЛОНЕНИЯ ГЛАГОЛА (MOODS)
§ 118. В английском языке, как и в русском , есть три наклонения глагола: изъявительное (the Indicative Mood), сослагательное (the Subjunctive Mood) и повелительное (the Imperative Mood). '
Изъявительное наклонение выражает действие как ре альный факт в настоящем, прошедшем и будущем времени:
She lives with her mother. Она живет с матерью.
A letter came from them Сегодня от них пришло пись-
today. мо.
I shall go into the garden. Я пойду в сад.
Формы глагола, рассмотренные в § 13-117, являются фор мами изъявительного наклонения.
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